The 'isms'
The 'isms' are an important introduction to the countless ways of thinking that exist in the world today. This is by no means a comprehensive list of each way of thinking there is, but these are the ones I have personally found to be the most relevant and accessible within the Elective texts. Applying ideas such as these to the process of analysing texts ensures that the Module as well as the Elective are being studied, and it makes wrapping your head around "Navigating the Global" a bit easier!
Post-Colonialism
- A study of the effects of colonialisms on cultures and societies. It is concerned with how European nations conquered and controlled "Third World" cultures and how these groups have since responded to and resisted those encroachments. - The struggle for ethnic, cultural and political autonomy - A growing awareness of cultural overlap and hybridity As a relevant way of thinking: It highlights modern values of equity an the affects of actions in the past on certain groups presently. It recognises the impacts of these actions and also a hybridisation of culture in the world - globalisation. Will globalisation become the new colonialism in terms of culture? |
Neo-Colonialism
- A policy whereby a major power uses economic and political means to perpetrate or extend its influence over undeveloped nations or areas. Current examples: In Africa, Li Keqiang refutes charge of Chinese 'neo-colonialism' - The Diplomat Individualism - A social theory favouring freedom of action for individuals over collective/state control. Principle of being independent/self-reliant. Consumerism - Protection or promotion of the interests of consumers. Also, a theory that a progressively greater consumption of goods is economically beneficial. |
Materialism
- A tendency to consider material possessions and physical comfort as more important than spiritual values. Terrorism: - The unofficial or unauthorised use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims. - The 'Post-9/11' World: Fear, anger and hostility resulted from the terrorist attacks on the Twin Towers in the US, as that attitude has circulated the globe in the years following. The "War on Terror" is a prominent way of thinking that has both positive and negative impacts on a global culture. What impact did 9/11 have on our world? - The Guardian |
Modernism and Postmodernism
From A Lecture on Postmodernism - Dr. Mary Klages, Associate Professor of English, University of Colorado Postmodernism: - celebrates fragmentation - critiques grand narratives and favours mini narratives ("think globally, act locally") - the idea that there are no originals, only copies - knowledge is a utility - instability - there are no universal truths DISORDER AND CRITIQUE Modernism: - order and stability/rationalism ORDER AND REASON |
Useful resources on Postmodernism and Globalisation:
- Globalization and the Postmodern Turn by Douglas Kellner - A Lecture on Postmodernism by Dr. Mary Klages |